The Osprey’s Amazing Journey: From Finland to Kenya

By Richard Kipngeno

June 3rd, 2025, started like any other morning in Yimbo, Siaya County. At the break of dawn, fishermen pushed their boats into the calm waters of Lake Victoria, hoping for a good catch. Among them was Walter Tende Oloo, who cast his nets with the skill that came from years of experience.

But this day would be anything but ordinary.

When Tende and his fellow fishermen returned to shore around midday, they discovered something unexpected tangled in one of their nets. A large bird of prey floated motionless in the water, its wings spread wide. The poor creature appeared to have struggled to free itself before exhaustion took over, and it had nearly drowned in the process.

Tende, who has always had a soft spot for birds, carefully pulled the exhausted bird of prey from the net. As he examined the bird more closely, he noticed something extraordinary: metal rings on both its feet.

“I rescued your bird!” Tende would later tell us with a smile when we arrived at his homestead.

Word of the ringed bird spread quickly through the village. Soon, curious neighbours gathered to see this unusual find, and the story even made it into the local newspapers. The Kenya Wildlife Service was contacted, who then reached out to Nature Kenya’s Siaya office. By nightfall, the news had reached us.

The next morning, we made the journey to Yimbo, arriving to find an even larger crowd of excited villagers waiting to learn more about their unexpected feathered guest. Tende welcomed us warmly into his compound and carefully retrieved the bird from a protective bag. Sadly, the bird had died.

There it was – an Osprey with rings on both feet. On the right foot, a silver ring bore the inscription: “Museum Zool Helsinki Finland WWW.RING.AC M-81516.” The left foot carried a yellow ring marked “C6.U.”

The crowd fell silent as the significance sank in. This bird of prey had travelled all the way from Helsinki, Finland, to the shores of Lake Victoria – a journey of thousands of kilometres!

Remarkably, it wasn’t even the first time such a discovery had been made in Yimbo. Back in 2020, Tende had rescued another Osprey in the same location, also bearing rings from Finland. This pattern hints that Yimbo could be an important stopping point for these amazing migratory birds on their epic journeys between Europe and Africa.

The villagers were fascinated as we explained the incredible world of bird migration – how ospreys and other birds navigate vast distances using natural instincts, following ancient routes that have been used for thousands of years. We also discussed the importance of protecting these travellers when they pass through local areas.

After carefully documenting the specimen, we began the six-hour journey back to Nairobi with our precious cargo. The osprey was handed over to the Ornithology Section at the National Museums of Kenya, where it will be preserved and become part of the museum’s important scientific collection.

This finding highlights the incredible connections that exist in our natural world. A bird ringed by researchers in the cold waters of Finland found its way to the warm shores of Lake Victoria, linking two communities thousands of miles apart through the wonder of bird migration.

Stories like this remind us why bird ringing programs are so valuable. Each ring tells a story of survival, navigation, and the remarkable journeys that connect our planet’s ecosystems.

The next time you see a bird overhead, remember – it might just be a world traveller with stories that span continents.

KBA in Focus: Tana River Delta mangroves

By Joshua Sese

The Tana River Delta is Kenya’s largest deltaic system, situated in Lamu and Tana River counties. This expansive wetland forms a dynamic ecological mosaic, including palm savannahs, seasonally flooded grasslands, swamps, riverine forests, lakes, woodlands, mangroves, coastal dunes, and sandy beaches. It is recognized as an Important Bird Area, a Key Biodiversity Area (KBA), a Ramsar Site (Wetland of International Importance), and part of the Eastern Afromontane Biodiversity Hotspot. The delta is also under consideration for UNESCO World Heritage status due to its outstanding ecological value.

Mangroves are trees or shrubs that grow in muddy, oxygen-poor soils at the edge of the sea, often flooded by salt water at high tide. The Tana River Delta hosts all nine mangrove species found in Kenya: Rhizophora mucronataBruguiera gymnorhizaCeriops tagalAvicennia marinaSonneratia albaHeritiera littoralisLumnitzera racemosaXylocarpus granatum, and Xylocarpus moluccensis. Mangroves are a keystone ecosystem underpinning both ecological integrity and human resilience in Kenya’s coastal zone. They serve as vital nursery grounds for fish, support rich biodiversity, and buffer coastlines against erosion and storm surges. As significant carbon sinks, they also contribute to climate change mitigation.

For over 250,000 local residents in the Tana River Delta, mangroves provide food, fuel, medicine, and income. Agricultural expansion, overharvesting, pollution, and climate change, however, are major threats to mangroves in the Delta. Unsustainable harvesting of mangrove wood limits natural regeneration. Runoff from agriculture and upstream activities pollutes water systems, degrading mangrove health. Climate change, through rising sea levels and altered salinity, adds further ecological stress. These challenges are compounded by weak enforcement of environmental regulations and limited financial and technical resources for conservation efforts.

Mangrove conservation in the Tana River Delta integrates community efforts, restoration work, and policy enforcement. Community Forest Associations support sustainable harvesting and regular monitoring. Restoration programs by the Kenya Forest Service, the Kenya Marine and Fisheries Research Institute, Nature Kenya, and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) focus on replanting native species and rehabilitating degraded areas. Legal frameworks, including the Forest and Environmental Acts and the Tana Delta Land Use Plan, regulate land use and protect mangrove habitats. Alternative livelihoods such as beekeeping, eco-tourism, and aquaculture help reduce dependence on mangrove resources. Scientific monitoring and growing interest in blue carbon contribute to long-term conservation goals.

The future of the Tana River Delta’s mangroves depends on sustained collaboration between communities, conservation organizations, and government agencies to ensure these vital ecosystems continue to thrive and protect our coast for generations to come.

Kiang’ombe Hill: Where tiny creatures tell a big story

By Howard Atubwa 

The first thing you notice about Kiang’ombe Hill is not what you see, it is what you hear. As dawn breaks over the Embu County horizon, a melody of croaks and chirps rises from the undergrowth. The Savanna ridged frog, that tireless mountaineer, calls from both the base and peak, its voice carrying through the mist like nature’s own clock. Nearby, something even more extraordinary is happening: an endangered Spawls’s pygmy forest gecko clings to a tree trunk, its presence here rewriting scientific understanding of its range. This forest is full of such surprises, if only we can protect it long enough to listen.

But the forest’s chorus is growing quieter each year. Where ancient Podocarpus trees once stood, blackened scars from wildfires now stretch across the landscape. The acrid smell of charcoal kilns hangs heavy in the air, mingling with the earthy scent of freshly turned soil where farms encroach deeper into the woodland. Speke’s hinge-back tortoises, those armoured survivors, find their pathways increasingly blocked by cattle trails and fallen trees. Even the water itself is changing. Streams that once ran clear now choke with silt from eroded slopes, threatening the Marsabit clawed frogs that depend on them.

The tragedy of Kiang’ombe isn’t just what we’re losing, but what we might never discover. That Mt. Kenya dwarf gecko you nearly missed on the tree bark could hold secrets about adaptation and survival. Those variable skinks darting through the leaf litter are invisible engineers of this ecosystem. And the red-headed rock agamas basking on sun-warmed stones aren’t just beautiful, they’re barometers of the forest’s health.

Yet hope persists in unexpected places. Local guides from the Community Forest Association still walk these trails, their knowledge spanning generations. Conservationists are documenting species before they vanish. And the forest itself continues its quiet resistance. Frogs still sing where puddles form, geckos emerge after rains, and seeds take root in the ashes of old fires.

The question hanging over Kiang’ombe is not whether it’s worth saving, but whether we will act in time. This is not just about protecting reptiles and amphibians, it is about safeguarding the water sources communities depend on, preserving a living laboratory of evolution, and honouring a place where wilderness still whispers its secrets. The frogs will keep calling as long as they can. The question is whether anyone will answer.

KBA in Focus: Shaba National Reserve

By Joshua Sese

Located in Kenya’s wild north, Isiolo County, is the Shaba National Reserve, a Key Biodiversity Area (KBA). This rugged, semi-arid landscape is famous for its striking volcanic rock formations, sweeping plains, and unique wildlife. Alongside its neighbouring reserves, Shaba forms part of the Samburu ecosystem, providing a home for rare animals like the Grevy’s zebra, reticulated giraffe, and Somali ostrich.

Yet, despite its beauty and ecological importance, Shaba National Reserve faces serious threats. Overgrazing, poaching, and conflicts between humans and wildlife are damaging habitats and disrupting the delicate balance of nature. On top of this, climate change has brought more frequent droughts and floods, making life harder for both wildlife and the communities that depend on the land.

To protect Shaba, conservation efforts are focusing on working with local communities, supporting sustainable tourism, and strengthening anti-poaching measures. By partnering with the Samburu people, these programs aim to safeguard the reserve’s natural resources while also improving livelihoods. With ongoing support and awareness, Shaba National Reserve can continue to thrive as both a haven for wildlife and an inspiring example of conservation in arid lands. 

Kinangop youth step up to save an Endangered bird

By David Magoma

Youth are key to protecting the future of Kinangop’s tussock grasslands, and the endangered Sharpe’s Longclaw that depends on them.

To build this connection, Friends of Kinangop Plateau teamed up with Nature Kenya and the Nyandarua County Government. Their goal? To pass on vital birding skills, spark local conservation careers, and inspire a new generation of citizen scientists.

On 17 April 2025, 34 young people from Kinangop took part in a practical birding and conservation training. The session introduced them to bird identification, habitat protection, and field skills. They also learned how to use birding equipment, understand species diversity, and appreciate the role birds play in healthy ecosystems.

The training was more than just theory. It opened minds to the idea of conservation as a career and a way of life. The participants explored the challenges facing local wildlife, including the threats to the Sharpe’s Longclaw, and discussed how they could take part in protecting it.

As part of the follow-up, the young birders, under the guidance of the Friends of Kinangop Plateau Site Support Group, will now lead monthly bird walks. The first walk was held on Saturday, 10 May 2025.

This is just the beginning. The energy, curiosity, and passion these young people bring could make all the difference for the survival of both the grasslands and the Sharpe’s Longclaw.